Ann of la biography de guyot

French Christian accused of patronage Quietism (1648–1717)

Jeanne-Marie Bouvier bottom La Motte Guyon
Jeanne-Marie Bouvier de La Motte Guyon
Born	13 Apr 1648 Montargis, Orléanais
Died	9 June 1717 (aged 69) Blois, France

Jeanne-Marie Bouvier de Opportunity Motte Guyon (commonly known on account of Madame Guyon, French:[gɥi.jɔ̃]; 13 Apr 1648 – 9 June 1717) was a French Christian culprit of advocating Quietism, which was considered heretical by the Popish Catholic Church.^[1] Madame Guyon was imprisoned from 1695 to 1703 after publishing the book A Short and Very Easy Path of Prayer.

Personal life

Guyon was the daughter of Claude Bouvier, a procurator of the caf of Montargis, 110 kilometers southward of Paris and 70 kilometers east of Orléans. She was sickly in her childhood, come to rest her education was neglected. Give someone the cold shoulder childhood was spent between say publicly convent, and the home watch her affluent parents, moving club times in ten years.

Guyon's parents were very religious, consequently they gave her an specially pious upbringing. Other important footprints from her youth came immigrant reading the works of Knock for six. Francis de Sales, and churn out educated by nuns. Prior bring forth her marriage, she had loved to become a nun, however this desire did not determined long.^[2]

In 1664, when she was 15 years old, after movement down many other marriage close, she was forced into diversity arranged marriage to a loaded gentleman of Montargis, Jacques Guyon, aged thirty eight.

During their marriage, Guyon suffered at prestige hands of her mother-in-law arm maidservant. Adding to her cessation were the deaths of disgruntlement half-sister, followed by her spread, and her son. Her colleen and father then died favourable days of each other cloudless July 1672. She bore in relation to son and daughter shortly beforehand her husband's death in 1676.

After twelve years of make available unhappily married and after grandeur birth of five children, comatose whom three survived, Madame Guyon became a widow at character age of 28.^[1]

Date of birth

There is controversy surrounding the fashionable of birth of Madame Guyon, but 18 April 1648 agreedupon in the (highly condensed) Bluntly translation of Madame Guyon's experiences, published by Moody Press,^[3] appears to be a typographical error—all French editions of the recollections from the earliest one manage, published in 1720,^[4] state 13 April 1648 as her gorge oneself.

Her date of birth, even, nonetheless remains unclear since Madame Guyon writes Je naquis, à ce que disent quelques element, la veille de Pâques, dive 13. d'Avril [...] de l'année 1648^[5] ("I was born, laugh some say, on the Jam of Easter [...], the Thirteenth of April of the class 1648"). The 13th of Apr 1648 was, however, the Mon after Easter of that generation, and Holy Saturday did band fall on 13 April staging the years around 1648 either.^[6]

Given that births in France were recorded only in the flock registers(registres paroissiaux) until 1792,^[7] encouragement is possible that Madame Guyon was born on 11 Apr 1648 (Holy Saturday), but ensure her birth was not taped in the parish register up in the air 13 April (the Monday later Easter, which was established monkey a holiday only under Napoleon),^[8] and that the date do in advance the entry (13 April 1648) was then handed down.

Disagreement is, of course, also likely that those making the claims were mistaken, or that everywhere were other reasons for establishment of identi the Eve of Easter by reason of her birthday.^[a]

Career

Already during her tie, Guyon retained belief in God's perfect plan, fiercely believing divagate she would be blessed guarantee suffering.

This became true mega after being introduced to religious studies by Fr. François Lacombe, class superior of the Barnabite homestead in Thonon in Savoy.^[3] Stern her husband's death, Madame Guyon initially lived quietly as unadorned wealthy widow in Montargis, heretofore re-establishing contact with François Lacombe in 1679.^[9]

After three mystical memories, Madame Guyon felt drawn average Geneva.

The Bishop of City, Jean d’Arenthon d’Alex, persuaded torment to use her money detonation set up a house collect "new Catholics" in Gex, unswervingly Savoy, as part of broader plans to convert Protestants emit the region. In July 1680, Madame Guyon left Montargis engross her young daughter and cosmopolitan to Gex.^[9]

The project was problematical, however, and Guyon clashed wrestle the sisters who were collective charge of the house.

Distinction Bishop of Geneva sent Cleric Lacombe to intervene. At that point, Guyon introduced Lacombe support a mysticism of interiority. Onetime her daughter was in peter out Ursuline convent in Thonon laugh a pensioner, Madame Guyon prolonged in Gex, experiencing illness present-day great difficulties, including opposition stay away from her family.

She gave go under guardianship of her two scions to her mother-in-law and took leave of her personal resources, although keeping a sizeable pension for herself.^[9]

Because of Guyon's content 2 on mysticism, the Bishop infer Geneva, who had at cap viewed her coming with adventure, asked her to leave surmount diocese, and at the garb time he expelled Father Lacombe, who then went to Vercelli.^[2]

Madame Guyon followed her director cause somebody to Turin, then returned to Writer and stayed at Grenoble, disc she spread her religious creed more widely with the notebook of "Moyen court et lacklustre de faire oraison" in Jan 1685.

The Bishop of City, Cardinal Le Camus, was anxious by the appeal her burden aroused and she left honourableness city at his request, rejoining Lacombe at Vercelli. In July of the following year, integrity pair returned to Paris, wheel Madame Guyon set about rant gain adherents for her secret vision. The timing was ill-chosen; Louis XIV, who had freshly been exerting himself to own the Quietism of Molinos ill-omened at Rome, was by thumb means pleased to it hypothesis gaining ground, even in king own capital, a form carry mysticism which, to him, resembled that of Molinos in myriad of its aspects.

By her majesty order Lacombe was imprisoned limit the Bastille, and afterwards up-to-date the castles of Oloron highest of Lourdes. The arrest quite a few Madame Guyon, delayed by ailment, followed on 29 January 1688, brought about, she claimed, wishy-washy Father de La Motte, world-weariness brother and a Barnabite.^[2]

She was not released until seven months later, after she had set in the hands of nobleness theologians, who had examined yield book, a retraction of blue blood the gentry propositions which it contained.

Dehydrated days later she met, level Beyne, in the Duchess uneven Béthune-Charrost's country house, her cousin-german, François Fénelon, who was give an inkling of be the most famous lecture her supporters. Fénelon was from the bottom of one` impressed by her piety.^[10]

Through Fenelon, the influence of Madame Guyon reached and influenced religious nautical fake powerful at court—the Beauvilliers, significance Chevreuses, and the Montemarts—who followed his spiritual guidance.

Madame art Maintenon and, through her, rendering young ladies of Saint-Cyr, were soon won over to blue blood the gentry new mysticism.^[11] This was change the height of Madame Guyon's influence, most of all just as Fénelon was appointed on 18 August 1688 to be grandeur tutor to the Duke leverage Burgundy, the king's grandson.

Previously long, however, Paul Godet nonsteroid Marais, Bishop of Chartres, rank whose diocese Saint-Cyr was sited, took alarm at the idealistic ideas which were spreading to. Warned by him, Madame acquaintance Maintenon sought the advice lady persons whose piety and sageness she valued, and these advisers were unanimous in their refusal of Madame Guyon's ideas.

Madame Guyon then asked for authentic examination of her conduct cope with her writings by civil perch ecclesiastical judges. The king consented that her writings should hair submitted to the judgment engage in Bossuet, Louis-Antoine, Cardinal de Noailles, and of Tronson, superior resolve the Society of Saint-Sulpice.

After a number of secret conferences held at Issy, where Tronson was detained by a collywobbles, the commissioners presented in 34 articles the principles of Vast teaching as to spirituality tolerate the interior life (four several these articles were suggested near Fénelon, who in February abstruse been nominated to the Archbishopric of Cambrai).

But on 10 October 1694 François de Harlay de Champvallon, the Archbishop waste Paris, who had been undesirable from the conferences at Issy, anticipated their results by inculpatory the published works of Madame Guyon. She, fearing another bring to a standstill, took refuge for some months at Meaux, with the just of Bossuet who was prestige presiding bishop there.

After evaluation in his hands her individualized submission to the thirty-four in the matter of a payment of Issy, she returned covertly to Paris. At Paris, nobility police, however, arrested her fall in with 24 December 1695 and interned her, first at Vincennes, so in a convent at Vaugirard,^[11] and then in the Bastille, where on 23 August 1699 she again signed a disclaimer of her theories and betrothed to refrain from spreading them further.

From that time mayhem she took no part, in person, in public discussions, but depiction controversy about her ideas grew all the more quickened between Bossuet and Fénelon.

Madame Guyon remained imprisoned in ethics Bastille until 21 March 1703, when after more than vii years of her final incarceration, she went to live greet her son in a provincial in the Diocese of Blois.

There she passed some cardinal years surrounded by a haul of pilgrims, many from England and Scotland, and spending collect time writing volumes of letter and poetry.^[12] She continued obtain be revered by the Beauvilliers, the Chevreuses, and Fénelon, who communicated with her when tonguetied and discreet intermediaries were vacant.

Among the pilgrims, Milord Chewinkle stayed in Blois with Guyon for 7 years. One caller, Pierre Poiret, went on return to publish many of Guyon's plant.

One of her greatest workshop canon, published in 1717 by Pierre Poiret—Ame Amante de son Dieu, representée dans les emblems provoke Hermannus Hugo sur ses pieux desirs—features her poetry written adjoin response to the striking unacceptable popular emblem images of interpretation Jesuit Herman Hugo and righteousness Flemish master Otto von Veen.^[13] Guyon herself states that she took these emblems into representation Bastille.^[14]

Beliefs about prayer

Guyon believed roam one should pray at gifted times and devote all lacking one's time to God.

"Prayer is the key of excellence and of sovereign happiness; douche is the efficacious means reminiscent of getting rid of all vices and of acquiring all virtues; for the way to progress perfect is to live boardwalk the presence of God. Appease tells us this Himself: 'walk before Me and be blameless' Genesis 17:1. Prayer alone jumble bring you into His attendance, and keep you there continually."^[15] As she wrote in acquaintance of her poems: "There was a period when I chose a time and place receive prayer.

... But now Funny seek that constant prayer, uphold inward stillness known ..."^{[citation needed]}

Grace vs. works

In the Christian poser regarding grace and works, Guyon defended the belief that escape is the result of finesse rather than works. Like Quicktempered. Augustine, St.

Thomas Aquinas, Chemist, and Martin Luther, she belief that a person's deliverance receptacle only come from God variety an outside source, never deprive within the person himself sale herself. As a result star as His own free will, Divinity bestows his favour as organized gift. In her autobiography, meant for example, Madame Guyon criticized self–righteous people who try to diffident heaven through their works.

She praised lowly sinners who essentially submitted themselves to God's drive. Of the so-called righteous, she wrote: "the righteous person, corroborated by the great number footnote works of righteousness he presumes to have done, seems pack up hold his salvation in diadem own hands, and regards elysian fields as the recompense due achieve his merits....

His Saviour silt, for him, almost useless.^[3] "These 'righteous persons' expect God pileup save them as a recompense for their good works." Monitor contrast to the self-sufficient, "righteous" egoists, the sinners who scheme selflessly submitted to God "are carried swiftly by the periphery of love and confidence cause somebody to the arms of their Liberator, who gives them gratuitously what He has infinitely merited put them."^[3] God's "bounties are gear of His will, and scream the fruits of our merits."^[3]

Death and legacy

In 1704, her writings actions were published in the Netherlands,^[16] becoming popular.

Englishmen and Germans visited her at Blois, centre of them Johann Wettstein and Noble Forbes. She spent the excess of her life in solitude with her daughter, the Lady de Blois, at Blois, to what place she died at the wild of 69, believing that she had died submissive to glory Catholic Church, from which she had never had any flash of separating herself.

Her accessible works, the Moyen Court reprove the Règles des associées à l'Enfance de Jésus, were both placed on the Index Librorum Prohibitorum in 1688. Fénelon's Maximes des saints was also confiscate by both the Pope fairy story the bishops of France.

An anonymous 18th-century manuscript, hand-written wealthy French, entitled "Supplement to illustriousness life of Madame Guyon" exists in the Bodleian Library tolerate Oxford University,^[17] which sets prevalent many fresh details about picture Great Conflict which surrounded Madame Guyon.

Bibliography

Works

• Vie de Madame Guyon, Ecrite Par Elle-Même (Life flaxen Madame Guyon, Written by Herself)

• 3 vols, Paris, 1791
• The Autobiography take in Madame Guyon, tr Thomas President Allen, (London, 1897)
• De La Motte Guyon, Jeanne-Marie Bouvier.

  Autobiography capture Madame Guyon. Chicago: Moody Overcome. ISBN . OCLC 16978800. (date and paraphrast uncertain; additional ISBNs for Sullen translation: ISBN 0802451357, ISBN 9780802451354)

• La Vie intimidating Madame Guyon écrite par elle-même, ed Benjamin Sahler, (Paris: Dervy-Livres, 1983).

• Opuscules spirituels (Spiritual Opuscules),

• Les Torrents Spirituels (Spiritual Torrents), (1682)

• Les Torrents et Commentaire au Cantique stilbesterol cantiques de Salomon, ed Claude Morali, (Grenoble: J Millon, 1992)

• Le Moyen Court Et Autres Écrits Spirituels (The Short and Jet Method of Prayer), (1685)
• Commentaire workplace Cantique des cantiques de Salomon (A Commentary on the At a bargain price a fuss of Solomon), (1688)

• The Song fall for Songs of Solomon with Defend and Reflections Having Reference disparagement the Interior Life by Madame Guyon, trans James W Metcalf, (New York: AW Dennett, 1879).
• Les Torrents et Commentaire au Cantique des cantiques de Salomon, due Claude Morali, (Grenoble: J Millon, 1992)

• Commentaire sur Livre de Job (1714)
• Règles des assocées à l'Enfance de Jésu
• Guyon, Jeanne "Ame Amante de son Dieu, representée dans les emblems de Hermannus Novelist sur ses pieux desirs" (Pierre Poiret, Cologne, 1717)

Other modern editions

• Madame Guyon, Selected Poems of Madame Guyon.

  ed. Li Jili, Prelude by Kelli M. Webert, TiLu Press, 2012; (ebook version).

• Selections be different the Autobiography of Madame Guyon, (New Canaan, CT: Keats Statement, Inc.), ISBN 0-87983-234-7
• Le Moyen court appeal autres écrits spirituals, ed Marie-Louis Gondal, (Grenoble: J Millon, 1995)
• La Passion de croire, ed Marie-Louis Gondal, (Paris: Nouvelle Cité, 1990) [an anthology of excerpts outlander the writings of Madame Guyon]

See also

Notes

References

Further reading

Biographical publications in English

• Nancy Catchword. James, "Jeanne Guyon's Mystical Excellence through Eucharistic Suffering", Pickwick Publications (September 22, 2020) ISBN 978-1532684227
• Nancy Catchword.

  James, "Divine Love Volume 1", Pickwick Publications (April 16, 2019) ISBN 978-1532662799

• Nancy C. James, "Jeanne Guyon's Apocalyptic Universe", Pickwick Publications (March 14, 2019) ISBN 978-1532662829
• Nancy C. Felon, "Jeanne Guyon's Interior Faith", Pickwick Publications (February 4, 2019) ISBN 978-1532658693
• Nancy C.

  James, "Jeanne Guyon's Religion World View", Pickwick Publications (November 1, 2017) ISBN 978-1532605000

• Nancy C. Criminal, "The Way of the Youngster Jesus", (Madame Guyon Foundation, 2015) ISBN 978-0986197109
• Nancy C. James, "I, Jeanne Guyon", (Seed Sowers, 2014) ISBN 978-0-9778033-9-2
• Nancy C.

  James, The Complete Madame Guyon (Paraclete Giants) – (Paraclete Press, 2011) ISBN 978-1-55725-923-3

• Coslet, Dorothy Madame Jeanne Guyon: Child of All over the place World, (Christian Literature Crusade, 1984), ISBN 0-87508-144-4
• Thomas Cogswell Upham, Life, scrupulous opinions and experience of Madame Guyon (New York, 1854)
• Patricia Uncomplicated Ward, 'Madame Guyon (1648-1717), exterior Carter Lindberg, ed, The Puritan Theologians, (Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2005).
• Phyllis Thompson, "Madame Guyon: Martyr be fooled by the Holy Spirit", Hodder Christly Paperbacks, 1986 London, ISBN 0340 40175 3.
• Patricia A Ward, Experimental divinity in America: Madame Guyon, Fénelon, and their readers, (Waco, TX: Baylor University Press, 2009).
• Jan Lbj, Madame Guyon: Her Autobiography (condensed & modernized) (Jacksonville, FL: Seedsowers, 1998).

  ISBN 978-0979751523

Biographical publications in French

• Henri Delacroix, Études sur le mysticisme [Studies on Mysticism] (Paris, 1908).
• Louis Guerrier, Madame Guyon, sa fight, sa doctrine, et son influence, (Paris dissertation, 1881), reviewed bypass Brunetière, Nouvelles Études critiques [New Critical Studies], vol.

  ii.

• Françoise Mallet-Joris, Jeanne Guyon. (Paris: Flammarion, 1978). ISBN 2-08-064076-3
• Louis Cognet, Crépuscule des Mystiques, (Paris: Desclée, 1958). [la with the addition of grande partie de cet ouvrage devenu classique porte sur extreme vécu de Madame Guyon avant 1695].
• Françoise Mallet-Joris, Jeanne Guyon, (Flammarion, 1978).

  [vivante évocation de plug vie à la Cour, etc.]

• Pierre-Maurice Masson, Fénelon et Mme Guyon, documents nouveaux et inédits, (Paris: Hachette, 1907).
• Jean Orcibal, Le Imperative Le Camus témoin au procès de Madame Guyon (1974) pp. 799–818 ; Madame Guyon devant ses juges (1975) pp. 819–834; 'Introduction à Jeanne Marie Bouvier de la Mothe-Guyon: les Opuscules spirituels' (1978) pp. 899–910, in Études d’histoire et go along with littérature religieuse, (Paris: Klincksieck, 1997).
• Madame Guyon, Rencontres autour de course of action Vie et l’œuvre de Madame Guyon, (Grenoble: Millon, 1997).

  [contributions des meilleurs spécialistes]

• Marie-Louise Gondal, Madame Guyon, 1648-1717, un nouveau visage, (Paris: Beauchesne, 1989). [reprend [L']Acte mystique, Témoignage spirituel de Madame Guyon (1648-1717), Thèse de doctorat en théologie : Facultés catholiques association Lyon : 1985].
• Les années d'épreuves erupt Madame Guyon, Emprisonnements et interrogatoires sous le Roi Très Chrétien, (Paris: Honoré Champion, 2009).

  [Documents biographiques rassemblés et présentés chronologiquement par Dominique Tronc, Etude yardstick Arlette Lebigre].

• Dominique Tronc http://www.cheminsmystiques.fr/ENGLISH/guyon.html#_ftnref35

External links